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American Journal of Preventive Medicine
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Disparities in the Food Environments of New York City Public Schools
Background: Studies of the food environment near schools have focused on fast food. Research is needed that describes patterns of exposure to a broader range of food outlet types and that examines the influence of neighborhood built environments.Purpose: Using data...
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Recommended Levels of Physical Activity to Avoid an Excess of Body Fat in European Adolescents: The HELENA Study
Background: It is unclear how much physical activity is necessary to prevent obesity during adolescence.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine whether the current physical activity guidelines for youth are associated with a lower risk of excess of...
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Strategies to Prevent Childhood Obesity Must Extend Beyond School Environments
On February 9, 2010, First Lady Michelle Obama launched Let's Move! (www.letsmove.gov), a campaign aimed at reversing childhood obesity trends within a generation. The campaign focuses on three targets: providing more healthful food in schools, promoting physical activity, and making...
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Environmental Determinants of Outdoor Play in Children: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study
Background: Outdoor play is a cheap and natural way for children to be physically active.Purpose: This study aims to identify physical as well as social correlates of outdoor play in the home and neighborhood environment among children of different age...
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Socioeconomic Disparities in Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Context: Adverse birth outcomes, such as preterm birth and low birth weight, have serious health consequences across the life course. Socioeconomic disparities in birth outcomes have not been the subject of a recent systematic review. The aim of this study...
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Obesity-Related Quality-Adjusted Life Years Lost in the U.S. from 1993 to 2008
Background: Although trends in the prevalence of obesity and obesity-attributable deaths have been examined, little is known about the resultant burden of disease associated with obesity.Purpose: This study examined trends in the burden of obesity by estimating the obesity-related quality-adjusted...
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A Quantitative Estimate of the Clinical Significance of Treating Tobacco Dependence
The U.S. Public Health Service, the WHO, and many other organizations have stated that treatment to help smokers stop smoking is one of the most, if not the most, efficacious clinical interventions to prevent early death. Despite this, many have...
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Coronary Mortality Declines in the U.S. Between 1980 and 2000: Quantifying the Contributions from Primary and Secondary Prevention
Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality rates in the U.S. have halved since 1980. However, CHD remains a leading cause of death. The relative importance of secondary and primary prevention in explaining falls in coronary heart disease mortality is debated.Purpose:...
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Urban Trails and Physical Activity: A Natural Experiment
Background: The built environment in which a person lives and works is thought to have a strong influence on his or her level of physical activity. However, this belief is largely based on cross-sectional studies underlining the need for prospective...
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The Diabetes Primary Prevention Initiative Interventions Focus Area: A Case Study and Recommendations
Background: In 2005, CDC began the Diabetes Primary Prevention Initiative Interventions Focus Area (DPPI-IFA), which funded five state Diabetes Prevention and Control Programs (DPCPs) to translate diabetes primary prevention trials into real-world settings by developing and implementing a framework for...
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A Graphical, Computer-Based Decision-Support Tool to Help Decision Makers Evaluate Policy Options Relating to Physical Activity
Abstract: This pilot study builds on efforts to develop evaluation methods to compare and contrast potential strategies designed to increase population physical activity generally, and to reduce disparities in activity levels more specifically. The study presents a user-friendly, semi-quantitative decision-support...
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Uptake of Regular Chlamydia Testing by U.S. Women: A Longitudinal Study
Background: Routine chlamydia screening is a recommended preventive intervention for sexually active women aged ≤25 years in the U.S. but rates of regular uptake are not known.Purpose: This study aimed to examine rates of annual chlamydia testing and factors associated...
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Exploring New Opportunities for Evidence-Based Decision Making
In this issue of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, Yancey et al. describe the creation of a graphical, computer-based decision-support tool for state and local public health decision makers to evaluate policies supporting increased population rates of physical activity....
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Smoking-Cessation and Adherence Intervention Among Chinese Patients with Erectile Dysfunction
Background: Whether the association between smoking and erectile dysfunction is causal is uncertain. No RCTs have been previously conducted on cessation counseling and additional nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) adherence counseling among smokers with erectile dysfunction.Purpose: The aim of the study...
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Journals / Periodicals